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Finding inspiration in the righteous anger of punk rock and the socially conscious folk tradition of Woody Guthrie, Billy Bragg bashes out songs (mostly) solo with his electric guitar, singing about politics and love with equal amounts of skill and passion. He was the leading figure of the British anti-folk movement of the '80s and his early releases boast melodies just as strong and memorable as his lyrics are bitingly intelligent. As the decade turned, his sonic horizons expanded; 1991's Don't Try This at Home is a successful effort to balance politics and pop and 1998's Mermaid Avenue finds Bragg teaming with Wilco to set unheard Woody Guthrie lyrics to music. 2008's Mr. Love & Justice reflects a greater maturity without compromising his vision, and 2021's The Million Things That Never Happened is a country-influenced paean to resilience in hard times.

Billy Bragg began performing in the late 1970s with the punk group Riff Raff, which lasted only a few months. He then joined the British Army, yet he quickly bought himself out of his sojourn with £175. After leaving the military, he began working at a record store; while he was working, he was writing songs that were firmly in the folk and punk protest tradition. Bragg began a British tour, playing whenever he had the chance; he frequently opened for bands at a moment's notice, playing solo with a noisy electric guitar that gave his music a rough and powerful punk feel. He soon built a sizable following, as evidenced by his first EP, Life's a Riot with Spy vs. Spy (1983), hitting number 30 on the U.K. independent charts. Brewing Up with Billy Bragg (1984), his first full-length album, climbed to number 16 in the charts.

During 1984, Bragg became a minor celebrity in Britain, as he appeared at leftist political rallies, strikes, and benefits across the country; he also helped form the "Red Wedge," a socialist musicians' collective that also featured Paul Weller. In 1985, Kirsty MacColl took one of his songs, "A New England," to number seven on the British singles chart. Featuring some subtle instrumental additions of piano and horns, 1986's Talking with the Taxman About Poetry reached the U.K. Top Ten.

Bragg's version of the Beatles' "She's Leaving Home," taken from the Sgt. Pepper Knew My Father tribute album, became his only number one single in 1988 -- as the double A-side with Wet Wet Wet's "With a Little Help from My Friends." That year, he also released the EP Help Save the Youth of America and the full-length Workers Playtime, which was produced by Joe Boyd (Fairport Convention, Nick Drake, R.E.M.). Boyd helped expand Bragg's sound, with the singer recording with a full band for the first time.. The following year, Bragg restarted the Utility record label as a way of featuring non-commercial new artists. The Internationale, released in 1990, was a collection of left-wing anthems, including a handful of Bragg originals. On 1991's Don't Try This at Home, he again worked with a full band, recording his most pop-oriented and accessible set of songs; the album featured the hit single "Sexuality." Bragg took several years off after Don't Try This at Home to concentrate on fatherhood. He returned in 1996 with William Bloke.

In 1998, he teamed with the American alternative country band Wilco to record Mermaid Avenue, a collection of songs adapted from unpublished lyrics written by Woody Guthrie. Reaching to the Converted, a collection of rarities, followed a year later, and in mid-2000 Bragg and Wilco reunited for a second Mermaid Avenue set. While touring in support of Mermaid Avenue, Vol. 2, Bragg formed the Blokes in 1999 with Small Faces keyboardist Ian McLagan. Lu Edmonds (guitar), Ben Mandelson (lap steel guitar), Martyn Barker (drums), and Simon Edwards (bass) solidified the group while Bragg moved from London to rural Dorset in early 2001. One year later, the Blokes joined Bragg for England, Half English, his first solo effort since William Bloke.

In 2004, Bragg collaborated with Less Than Jake for "The Brightest Bulb Has Burned Out," a track included on the Rock Against Bush, Vol. 1 compilation. The two-CD Must I Paint You a Picture? The Essential Billy Bragg appeared in 2003 with initial copies featuring a third bonus CD of collectibles and rarities. The Yep Roc label released the box set Volume 1 in 2006. The set included seven CDs and two DVDs of previously unavailable live footage, and the label simultaneously reissued four titles from Bragg's early back catalog in expanded editions. Billy Bragg spent the next year recording in London, Devon, and Lincolnshire, and 2008 saw the release of Mr. Love & Justice, his first solo effort in six years. Although the Blokes served as Bragg's backing band on the album, a limited-edition package also included a second disc comprised of intimate solo recordings. The bare-bones Woody Guthrie-inspired Tooth & Nail arrived in early 2013 and the following year brought the DVD & CD set, Live at the Union Chapel, which included an encore performance of Life's a Riot with Spy vs. Spy in its entirety as a bonus feature.

In the spring of 2016, Bragg teamed up with American singer, songwriter, and producer Joe Henry to make an album of folk songs inspired by the legacy of the American railroad system. Recorded with a portable recording rig while Bragg and Henry rode an Amtrak line from Chicago to Los Angeles, Shine a Light: Field Recordings from the Great American Railroad was released in September 2016, and followed by a joint concert tour. In November 2017, in the wake of the political upheavals brought on by Brexit in the U.K. and the election of Donald Trump in the United States, Bragg released a six-song EP of topical material, Bridges Not Walls.

In 2019, Bragg paid homage to his earlier work with The Best of Billy Bragg at the BBC 1983-2019, a compilation of BBC radio sessions with DJs from John Peel to David Jensen. To date the earliest known recordings of Bragg's best-known songs, the remastered BBC sessions captured what Bragg described as "the thrill of putting something out there for the very first time." 2019 also saw the publication of The Three Dimensions of Freedom, a 56-page paperback essay penned by Bragg on the themes of freedom of speech, accountability, and equality. Bragg intended to tour in 2020 and began recording a new album shortly thereafter, but the COVID-19 pandemic led to the tour and initial recording sessions being canceled. Instead, he passed along demos of his songs in progress to producers Romeo Stodart and Dave Izumi Lynch, who in turn created backing tracks for the tunes, with Bragg later adding guitar and vocals. The finished album, The Million Things That Never Happened, was released in October 2021. As Bragg's career entered its fourth decade, he looked back at his history with the anthology The Roaring 40 1983-2023, which appeared in several editions, from a two-disc, 40-song collection to a 17-disc set featuring expanded editions of every album in his catalog, rarities, and unreleased material. ~ Stephen Thomas Erlewine & Mark Deming

Evolving from a rough-and-tumble alt-country act into a mature and eclectic indie rock ensemble, Wilco have become critical favorites and cult heroes on the back of a stylistically diverse body of songs from founder Jeff Tweedy. Rising from the ashes of the seminal alt-country band Uncle Tupelo, Tweedy assembled Wilco's first lineup from the membership of UT's final edition. Wilco's 1995 debut album, A.M., picked up where Tweedy's work with Uncle Tupelo left off, but their second album, 1996's Being There, marked a dramatic stylistic shift where country and roots rock existed as only small parts of their creative formula, along with expressive pop and freewheeling sonic experimentation. Being There was Wilco's first album with guitar and keyboard player Jay Bennett, who would become Tweedy's closest collaborator on 1999's bent pop compendium Summerteeth and their breakthrough effort, 2001's Yankee Hotel Foxtrot. Bennett departed Wilco before that album was released, and the group's next few years found Tweedy struggling to redefine their approach. 2007's Sky Blue Sky and 2011's The Whole Love saw a new version of the band performing with renewed confidence as they explored indie and art rock constructs. After indulging the more exploratory side of their personality on 2015's Star Wars and 2019's Ode to Joy, Wilco looked back to their early folk and country influences through fresh eyes on 2022's Cruel Country. Idiosyncratic Welsh artist Cate Le Bon helped the group plug into their experimental pop influences on 2023's Cousin, their first album with an outside producer in 16 years; an EP of outtakes, Hot Sun Cool Shroud, appeared in June 2024.

Uncle Tupelo played their final show on May 1, 1994, and a few weeks later, Tweedy and three of his former UT bandmates -- bassist John Stirratt, drummer Ken Coomer, and multi-instrumentalist Max Johnston -- began work on their first album under their new name, Wilco. The group's birth happened so quickly that they didn't have a lead guitarist when they started recording, and Brian Henneman, a longtime friend and founder of the Bottle Rockets, sat in for the sessions. The first Wilco album, A.M., a collection of spry country-rock tunes that followed the course established in Tweedy's earlier work, was issued in March 1995. By that time, Jay Bennett became Wilco's official fifth member on guitar, and in the tour that followed, Bennett began branching out on keyboards as their raucous live shows saw them breaking free of the legacy of Uncle Tupelo.

Wilco's sophomore effort, 1996's two-disc set Being There, marked a radical transformation in the group's sound; while remaining steeped in the style that earned Tweedy his reputation, the songs took unexpected detours into psychedelia, power pop, and soul, complete with orchestral touches and R&B horn flourishes. Shortly after the release of Being There, which most critics judged to be among the year's best releases, Johnston left the group to play with his sister, singer Michelle Shocked, and was replaced by guitarist Bob Egan of the band Freakwater. Still full-time members of Wilco, Stirratt, Bennett, and Coomer also began performing together in the pop side project Courtesy Move. In 1998, Wilco collaborated with singer/songwriter Billy Bragg on Mermaid Avenue, a collection of performances based on unreleased material originally written by Woody Guthrie.

The band's stunningly lush third album, Summerteeth, followed in 1999 and met with critical acclaim but only average sales, initiating tensions with their label, Warner Bros. Mermaid Avenue, Vol. 2, which featured more selections from Wilco's collaborations with Bragg on Woody Guthrie's unfinished songs, was issued in 2000. Following this release, longtime drummer Ken Coomer left the group and was replaced by the Chicago-based Glenn Kotche. The group then focused on recording their fourth album, Yankee Hotel Foxtrot, which ultimately led to the departure of guitarist Jay Bennett and further tensions with their label. Wilco were unwilling to change the album to make it more "commercially viable," so Warner/Reprise agreed to sell them the masters for a reported $50,000. In a last-minute decision, the label opted to simply give the band the album at no cost, and Wilco were freed from their contract.

Leaked tracks from the album surfaced on the Internet in late 2001, and the stripped-down lineup of Tweedy, Kotche, Stirratt, and multi-instrumentalist Leroy Bach embarked on a small tour to support -- or drum up support for -- the unreleased record. Nonesuch picked up the album and officially released it in early 2002 to widespread critical acclaim. Meanwhile, an independent film documenting the drama surrounding the album (I Am Trying to Break Your Heart) followed in the fall of 2002. During the downtime after the album was recorded, Tweedy composed and recorded the film score to the Ethan Hawke film Chelsea Walls, which ended up being released around the same time as Yankee Hotel Foxtrot.

Wilco toured extensively following the release of Yankee Hotel Foxtrot, and in 2003 began work on their next album, A Ghost Is Born. While sessions went smoothly compared to Yankee Hotel Foxtrot, Leroy Bach left the band after the album was finished in a split that was described as mutual and amicable; guitarist Nels Cline, keyboardist Mike Jorgensen, and multi-instrumentalist Pat Sansone joined Wilco for their subsequent tour. Shortly before the album's release, Tweedy surprised many fans by announcing he had entered a drug rehabilitation facility to treat a dependency on painkillers, prescribed to treat a long history of migraine headaches aggravated by panic disorder. Tweedy discussed his health problems in depth, along with the often-tangled history of Wilco and Uncle Tupelo, in Wilco: Learning How to Die, a biography of the group written by rock journalist Greg Kot, published to coincide with A Ghost Is Born's release in the spring of 2004.

The following year, the group released Kicking Television: Live in Chicago, a 23-track collection recorded in the Windy City's Vic Theater, an album that was later deemed one of the Top 20 best live albums by Q Magazine. In 2007 Wilco's sixth studio album, Sky Blue Sky, hit shelves. Less experimental than its predecessors, Sky Blue Sky peaked at number five on the U.S. album charts and made a strong showing internationally. Wilco's seventh album, the breezy and laid-back Wilco (The Album), was released on June 30, 2009, one month after the death of former bandmember Jay Bennett, who passed away in his home in Urbana, Illinois, after accidentally overdosing on the prescription painkiller fentanyl.

At the end of touring that album, Wilco took a break for much of 2010 (their longest break since formation) and resurfaced in 2011 with their own label, dBpm Records, and the release of The Whole Love. Wilco toured extensively in support of the album, including a string of dates with Nick Lowe, and stayed busy on the road in 2013, taking part in the Americanarama Festival of Music, a package tour that found Wilco sharing the bill with Bob Dylan, Richard Thompson, and My Morning Jacket. (After meeting on tour, Thompson would recruit Tweedy to produce his 2015 album Still.)

In 2014, John Stirratt's side project the Autumn Defense released a new album, Fifth, and Jeff Tweedy inaugurated a new project, Tweedy, that found him collaborating with his teenage son Spencer, who played drums and percussion. The family band released their first album, Sukierae, in September 2014, with the combo touring in support. The year 2014 also marked Wilco's 20th anniversary, and the group celebrated the event with a pair of archival releases: What's Your Twenty? Essential Tracks 1994-2014, a two-disc set that collected the band's best and most popular tunes, and Alpha Mike Foxtrot: Rare Tracks 1994-2014, a four-disc set of obscure and unreleased material. Wilco also celebrated their first two decades with a series of multi-night stands in several cities, including a six-night residency at the Riviera Theater in Chicago.

On July 16, 2015, Wilco gave their fans a pleasant surprise -- they released a previously unannounced new studio album, Star Wars, as a free download from the group's website. Star Wars was available gratis online for four weeks, with a CD edition released by dBpm on August 21 and a vinyl LP following on November 27. On July 14, 2016, just two days before Star Wars would celebrate its first birthday, Wilco debuted a new song online, "Locator." A few days later, the band shared another song, "If I Ever Was a Child," and revealed that both were tracks from their next album, Schmilco, which was released on September 9, 2016. The group toured extensively through 2016 and 2017, and in August 2017 they released a digital single, "All Lives, You Say?" Proceeds from sales of the track were donated to the Southern Poverty Law Center and Life After Hate.

In late 2017, Wilco announced they would be taking a hiatus from touring in 2018 so individual members could focus on other projects. However, it was also revealed that Wilco planned to record a new album during the layoff, and that they would stage their biannual Solid Sound Music Festival in 2019. To help tide fans over during the break, remastered and expanded editions of A.M. and Being There were issued in November 2017. Tweedy also used his downtime to complete his first book, a memoir titled Let's Go (So We Can Get Back): A Memoir of Recording and Discording with Wilco, Etc., published in November 2018. In June 2019, Wilco returned to duty with a pair of shows in Knoxville, Tennessee, followed by touring in Europe, the U.K., and North America. The band were still in the midst of a run of dates in the United States when they released their 13th studio album, Ode to Joy, in October 2019.

The group's long-term touring plans fell by the wayside when the COVID-19 pandemic shut down touring in March 2020, and while in lockdown, Jeff Tweedy hosted a webcast series with his wife and sons, The Tweedy Show. He also recorded and issued solo material, including 2020's Love is the King and its companion volume, Live Is the King, and contributed songwriting and production to projects from Norah Jones and Daughter of Swords. 2020 also saw the publication of Tweedy's second book, a meditation on the creative process titled How to Write One Song: Loving the Things We Create and How They Love Us Back. Nels Cline was also productive while the band was on hiatus, recording and releasing an album with his group the Nels Cline Singers, 2020's Share the Wealth, while sitting in on sessions with Elvis Costello, Joan Osborne, the Dark Bob, and Julius Hemphill, among others.

By the end of 2020, Wilco had cautiously begun playing shows again, including a tour co-billed with Sleater-Kinney, and in 2021 they returned to the recording studio, cutting sessions at their home base the Loft with all members playing live on a set of low-key country- and folk-influenced material. The band completed 21 new songs, and the double album Cruel Country was issued by dBpm in May 2022, with the release date coinciding with Wilco's Solid Sound Festival, held in North Adams, Massachusetts. Prior to the release of the album, Wilco also played a series of shows in New York and Chicago to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the release of Yankee Hotel Foxtrot, performing the album in full each night.

After Cruel Country was released, Wilco set out on an extensive North American tour, selling out most of their shows, and in September, they once again recognized the anniversary of Yankee Hotel Foxtrot with a massively expanded Super Deluxe Edition of the album. In addition to the original album in remastered form, the set -- comprising 11 LPs or eight CDs -- featured an abundance of outtakes, demos, alternate mixes, and instrumental tracks, as well as a complete concert from July 2002 and Tweedy's September 2001 appearance on the radio show Sound Options, where he discussed the album and played some of the songs live. Variant seven-LP and two-LP editions were also available, as well as a two-CD version. The release was rewarded with a 2023 Grammy Award for Best Historical Album.

Welsh singer and songwriter Cate Le Bon met the members of Wilco when she played at their Solid Sound festival in 2019, and they quickly formed a mutual admiration society, with Le Bon jamming and improvising with her new friends. The group invited her to work with them in the studio, and she produced sessions with Wilco at the Loft in 2022 and 2023. The result was Cousin, an album that recalled the experimentalism of Yankee Hotel Foxtrot while incorporating a more introspective lyrical outlook. It was released in September 2023, just weeks before the publication of Tweedy's third book, World Within a Song: Music That Changed My Life and Life That Changed My Music.

On June 28, 2024, Wilco issued a six-song EP, Hot Sun Cool Shroud, most of which consisted of outtakes from the sessions for Cousin. The EP's release was timed to coincide with the first day of the 2024 Solid Sound Festival, where fans could buy a special vinyl edition featuring a cover they could customize with provided stickers and rubber stamps, creating a sleeve unique to each owner of the Solid Sound version. Solid Sound 2024 also included a special concert of Wilco rarities, and a performance of A Ghost Is Born in full. ~ Jason Ankeny & Zac Johnson